diff --git a/modules/api/build.gradle.kts b/modules/api/build.gradle.kts
index 0ad7d9d..0f963ee 100644
--- a/modules/api/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/modules/api/build.gradle.kts
@@ -49,9 +49,10 @@ dependencies {
 
     testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.13.4"))
     testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter")
-    testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
     testImplementation("org.scalatest:scalatest_3:${versions["SCALATEST"]!!}")
     testImplementation("co.helmethair:scalatest-junit-runner:${versions["SCALATEST_JUNIT"]!!}")
+
+    testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 }
 
 tasks.test {
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/BoardTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/BoardTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36692e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/BoardTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.board
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class BoardTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  private val e2 = Square(File.E, Rank.R2)
+  private val e4 = Square(File.E, Rank.R4)
+  private val d7 = Square(File.D, Rank.R7)
+
+  test("pieceAt returns Some for occupied square") {
+    Board.initial.pieceAt(e2) shouldBe Some(Piece.WhitePawn)
+  }
+
+  test("pieceAt returns None for empty square") {
+    Board.initial.pieceAt(e4) shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("withMove moves piece and vacates origin") {
+    val (board, captured) = Board.initial.withMove(e2, e4)
+    captured shouldBe None
+    board.pieceAt(e4) shouldBe Some(Piece.WhitePawn)
+    board.pieceAt(e2) shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("withMove returns captured piece when destination is occupied") {
+    val from = Square(File.A, Rank.R1)
+    val to   = Square(File.A, Rank.R8)
+    val b    = Board(Map(from -> Piece.WhiteRook, to -> Piece.BlackRook))
+    val (board, captured) = b.withMove(from, to)
+    captured shouldBe Some(Piece.BlackRook)
+    board.pieceAt(to) shouldBe Some(Piece.WhiteRook)
+    board.pieceAt(from) shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("pieces returns the underlying map") {
+    val map = Map(e2 -> Piece.WhitePawn)
+    val b   = Board(map)
+    b.pieces shouldBe map
+  }
+
+  test("Board.apply constructs board from map") {
+    val map = Map(e2 -> Piece.WhitePawn)
+    val b   = Board(map)
+    b.pieceAt(e2) shouldBe Some(Piece.WhitePawn)
+  }
+
+  test("initial board has 32 pieces") {
+    Board.initial.pieces should have size 32
+  }
+
+  test("initial board has 16 white pieces") {
+    Board.initial.pieces.values.count(_.color == Color.White) shouldBe 16
+  }
+
+  test("initial board has 16 black pieces") {
+    Board.initial.pieces.values.count(_.color == Color.Black) shouldBe 16
+  }
+
+  test("initial board white pawns on rank 2") {
+    File.values.foreach { file =>
+      Board.initial.pieceAt(Square(file, Rank.R2)) shouldBe Some(Piece.WhitePawn)
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("initial board black pawns on rank 7") {
+    File.values.foreach { file =>
+      Board.initial.pieceAt(Square(file, Rank.R7)) shouldBe Some(Piece.BlackPawn)
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("initial board white back rank") {
+    val expectedBackRank = Vector(
+      PieceType.Rook, PieceType.Knight, PieceType.Bishop, PieceType.Queen,
+      PieceType.King, PieceType.Bishop, PieceType.Knight, PieceType.Rook
+    )
+    File.values.zipWithIndex.foreach { (file, i) =>
+      Board.initial.pieceAt(Square(file, Rank.R1)) shouldBe
+        Some(Piece(Color.White, expectedBackRank(i)))
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("initial board black back rank") {
+    val expectedBackRank = Vector(
+      PieceType.Rook, PieceType.Knight, PieceType.Bishop, PieceType.Queen,
+      PieceType.King, PieceType.Bishop, PieceType.Knight, PieceType.Rook
+    )
+    File.values.zipWithIndex.foreach { (file, i) =>
+      Board.initial.pieceAt(Square(file, Rank.R8)) shouldBe
+        Some(Piece(Color.Black, expectedBackRank(i)))
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("ranks 3-6 are empty on initial board") {
+    val emptyRanks = Seq(Rank.R3, Rank.R4, Rank.R5, Rank.R6)
+    for
+      rank <- emptyRanks
+      file <- File.values
+    do
+      Board.initial.pieceAt(Square(file, rank)) shouldBe None
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/ColorTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/ColorTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..211b448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/ColorTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.board
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class ColorTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("White.opposite returns Black") {
+    Color.White.opposite shouldBe Color.Black
+  }
+
+  test("Black.opposite returns White") {
+    Color.Black.opposite shouldBe Color.White
+  }
+
+  test("White.label returns 'White'") {
+    Color.White.label shouldBe "White"
+  }
+
+  test("Black.label returns 'Black'") {
+    Color.Black.label shouldBe "Black"
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/PieceTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/PieceTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..850bdca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/PieceTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.board
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class PieceTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("Piece holds color and pieceType") {
+    val p = Piece(Color.White, PieceType.Queen)
+    p.color    shouldBe Color.White
+    p.pieceType shouldBe PieceType.Queen
+  }
+
+  test("WhitePawn convenience constant") {
+    Piece.WhitePawn shouldBe Piece(Color.White, PieceType.Pawn)
+  }
+
+  test("WhiteKnight convenience constant") {
+    Piece.WhiteKnight shouldBe Piece(Color.White, PieceType.Knight)
+  }
+
+  test("WhiteBishop convenience constant") {
+    Piece.WhiteBishop shouldBe Piece(Color.White, PieceType.Bishop)
+  }
+
+  test("WhiteRook convenience constant") {
+    Piece.WhiteRook shouldBe Piece(Color.White, PieceType.Rook)
+  }
+
+  test("WhiteQueen convenience constant") {
+    Piece.WhiteQueen shouldBe Piece(Color.White, PieceType.Queen)
+  }
+
+  test("WhiteKing convenience constant") {
+    Piece.WhiteKing shouldBe Piece(Color.White, PieceType.King)
+  }
+
+  test("BlackPawn convenience constant") {
+    Piece.BlackPawn shouldBe Piece(Color.Black, PieceType.Pawn)
+  }
+
+  test("BlackKnight convenience constant") {
+    Piece.BlackKnight shouldBe Piece(Color.Black, PieceType.Knight)
+  }
+
+  test("BlackBishop convenience constant") {
+    Piece.BlackBishop shouldBe Piece(Color.Black, PieceType.Bishop)
+  }
+
+  test("BlackRook convenience constant") {
+    Piece.BlackRook shouldBe Piece(Color.Black, PieceType.Rook)
+  }
+
+  test("BlackQueen convenience constant") {
+    Piece.BlackQueen shouldBe Piece(Color.Black, PieceType.Queen)
+  }
+
+  test("BlackKing convenience constant") {
+    Piece.BlackKing shouldBe Piece(Color.Black, PieceType.King)
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/PieceTypeTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/PieceTypeTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..135eee6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/PieceTypeTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.board
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class PieceTypeTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("Pawn.label returns 'Pawn'") {
+    PieceType.Pawn.label shouldBe "Pawn"
+  }
+
+  test("Knight.label returns 'Knight'") {
+    PieceType.Knight.label shouldBe "Knight"
+  }
+
+  test("Bishop.label returns 'Bishop'") {
+    PieceType.Bishop.label shouldBe "Bishop"
+  }
+
+  test("Rook.label returns 'Rook'") {
+    PieceType.Rook.label shouldBe "Rook"
+  }
+
+  test("Queen.label returns 'Queen'") {
+    PieceType.Queen.label shouldBe "Queen"
+  }
+
+  test("King.label returns 'King'") {
+    PieceType.King.label shouldBe "King"
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/SquareTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/SquareTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed4c848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/board/SquareTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.board
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class SquareTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("Square.toString produces lowercase file and rank number") {
+    Square(File.E, Rank.R4).toString shouldBe "e4"
+  }
+
+  test("Square.toString for a1") {
+    Square(File.A, Rank.R1).toString shouldBe "a1"
+  }
+
+  test("Square.toString for h8") {
+    Square(File.H, Rank.R8).toString shouldBe "h8"
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic parses valid square e4") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("e4") shouldBe Some(Square(File.E, Rank.R4))
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic parses valid square a1") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("a1") shouldBe Some(Square(File.A, Rank.R1))
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic parses valid square h8") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("h8") shouldBe Some(Square(File.H, Rank.R8))
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic is case-insensitive for file") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("E4") shouldBe Some(Square(File.E, Rank.R4))
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for empty string") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("") shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for string too short") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("e") shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for string too long") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("e42") shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for invalid file character") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("z4") shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for non-digit rank") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("ex") shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for rank 0") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("e0") shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("fromAlgebraic returns None for rank 9") {
+    Square.fromAlgebraic("e9") shouldBe None
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/game/GameStateTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/game/GameStateTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..374638c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/game/GameStateTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.game
+
+import de.nowchess.api.board.Color
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class GameStateTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("CastlingRights.None has both flags false") {
+    CastlingRights.None.kingSide  shouldBe false
+    CastlingRights.None.queenSide shouldBe false
+  }
+
+  test("CastlingRights.Both has both flags true") {
+    CastlingRights.Both.kingSide  shouldBe true
+    CastlingRights.Both.queenSide shouldBe true
+  }
+
+  test("CastlingRights constructor sets fields") {
+    val cr = CastlingRights(kingSide = true, queenSide = false)
+    cr.kingSide  shouldBe true
+    cr.queenSide shouldBe false
+  }
+
+  test("GameResult cases exist") {
+    GameResult.WhiteWins shouldBe GameResult.WhiteWins
+    GameResult.BlackWins shouldBe GameResult.BlackWins
+    GameResult.Draw      shouldBe GameResult.Draw
+  }
+
+  test("GameStatus.NotStarted") {
+    GameStatus.NotStarted shouldBe GameStatus.NotStarted
+  }
+
+  test("GameStatus.InProgress") {
+    GameStatus.InProgress shouldBe GameStatus.InProgress
+  }
+
+  test("GameStatus.Finished carries result") {
+    val status = GameStatus.Finished(GameResult.Draw)
+    status shouldBe GameStatus.Finished(GameResult.Draw)
+    status match
+      case GameStatus.Finished(r) => r shouldBe GameResult.Draw
+      case _                      => fail("expected Finished")
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial has standard FEN piece placement") {
+    GameState.initial.piecePlacement shouldBe "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR"
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial active color is White") {
+    GameState.initial.activeColor shouldBe Color.White
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial white has full castling rights") {
+    GameState.initial.castlingWhite shouldBe CastlingRights.Both
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial black has full castling rights") {
+    GameState.initial.castlingBlack shouldBe CastlingRights.Both
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial en-passant target is None") {
+    GameState.initial.enPassantTarget shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial half-move clock is 0") {
+    GameState.initial.halfMoveClock shouldBe 0
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial full-move number is 1") {
+    GameState.initial.fullMoveNumber shouldBe 1
+  }
+
+  test("GameState.initial status is InProgress") {
+    GameState.initial.status shouldBe GameStatus.InProgress
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/move/MoveTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/move/MoveTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d788f83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/move/MoveTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.move
+
+import de.nowchess.api.board.{File, Rank, Square}
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class MoveTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  private val e2 = Square(File.E, Rank.R2)
+  private val e4 = Square(File.E, Rank.R4)
+
+  test("Move defaults moveType to Normal") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4)
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.Normal
+  }
+
+  test("Move stores from and to squares") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4)
+    m.from shouldBe e2
+    m.to   shouldBe e4
+  }
+
+  test("Move with CastleKingside moveType") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.CastleKingside)
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.CastleKingside
+  }
+
+  test("Move with CastleQueenside moveType") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.CastleQueenside)
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.CastleQueenside
+  }
+
+  test("Move with EnPassant moveType") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.EnPassant)
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.EnPassant
+  }
+
+  test("Move with Promotion to Queen") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Queen))
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Queen)
+  }
+
+  test("Move with Promotion to Knight") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Knight))
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Knight)
+  }
+
+  test("Move with Promotion to Bishop") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Bishop))
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Bishop)
+  }
+
+  test("Move with Promotion to Rook") {
+    val m = Move(e2, e4, MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Rook))
+    m.moveType shouldBe MoveType.Promotion(PromotionPiece.Rook)
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/player/PlayerInfoTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/player/PlayerInfoTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a073db1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/player/PlayerInfoTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.player
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class PlayerInfoTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("PlayerId.apply wraps a string") {
+    val id = PlayerId("player-123")
+    id.value shouldBe "player-123"
+  }
+
+  test("PlayerId.value unwraps to original string") {
+    val raw = "abc-456"
+    PlayerId(raw).value shouldBe raw
+  }
+
+  test("PlayerInfo holds id and displayName") {
+    val id   = PlayerId("p1")
+    val info = PlayerInfo(id, "Magnus")
+    info.id.value      shouldBe "p1"
+    info.displayName   shouldBe "Magnus"
+  }
diff --git a/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/response/ApiResponseTest.scala b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/response/ApiResponseTest.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44d43ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/api/src/test/scala/de/nowchess/api/response/ApiResponseTest.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package de.nowchess.api.response
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
+
+class ApiResponseTest extends AnyFunSuite with Matchers:
+
+  test("ApiResponse.Success carries data") {
+    val r = ApiResponse.Success(42)
+    r.data shouldBe 42
+  }
+
+  test("ApiResponse.Failure carries error list") {
+    val err = ApiError("CODE", "msg")
+    val r   = ApiResponse.Failure(List(err))
+    r.errors shouldBe List(err)
+  }
+
+  test("ApiResponse.error creates single-error Failure") {
+    val err = ApiError("NOT_FOUND", "not found")
+    val f   = ApiResponse.error(err)
+    f shouldBe ApiResponse.Failure(List(err))
+  }
+
+  test("ApiError holds code and message") {
+    val e = ApiError("CODE", "message")
+    e.code    shouldBe "CODE"
+    e.message shouldBe "message"
+    e.field   shouldBe None
+  }
+
+  test("ApiError holds optional field") {
+    val e = ApiError("INVALID", "bad value", Some("email"))
+    e.field shouldBe Some("email")
+  }
+
+  test("Pagination.totalPages with exact division") {
+    Pagination(page = 0, pageSize = 10, totalItems = 30).totalPages shouldBe 3
+  }
+
+  test("Pagination.totalPages rounds up") {
+    Pagination(page = 0, pageSize = 10, totalItems = 25).totalPages shouldBe 3
+  }
+
+  test("Pagination.totalPages is 0 when totalItems is 0") {
+    Pagination(page = 0, pageSize = 10, totalItems = 0).totalPages shouldBe 0
+  }
+
+  test("Pagination.totalPages is 0 when pageSize is 0") {
+    Pagination(page = 0, pageSize = 0, totalItems = 100).totalPages shouldBe 0
+  }
+
+  test("Pagination.totalPages is 0 when pageSize is negative") {
+    Pagination(page = 0, pageSize = -1, totalItems = 100).totalPages shouldBe 0
+  }
+
+  test("PagedResponse holds items and pagination") {
+    val pagination = Pagination(page = 1, pageSize = 5, totalItems = 20)
+    val pr         = PagedResponse(List("a", "b"), pagination)
+    pr.items      shouldBe List("a", "b")
+    pr.pagination shouldBe pagination
+  }
diff --git a/modules/core/build.gradle.kts b/modules/core/build.gradle.kts
index 299068b..21cde7b 100644
--- a/modules/core/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/modules/core/build.gradle.kts
@@ -52,9 +52,10 @@ dependencies {
 
     testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.13.4"))
     testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter")
-    testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
     testImplementation("org.scalatest:scalatest_3:${versions["SCALATEST"]!!}")
     testImplementation("co.helmethair:scalatest-junit-runner:${versions["SCALATEST_JUNIT"]!!}")
+
+    testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 }
 
 tasks.test {